Shock-absorber.



W. S. MILLER.

SHOCK ABSORBER.

APPLICATION FILED IuLYzI, I9I4.

Patented Feb. 8, 1916.

ATTORNEYS WITNESSES UNITED STATES PATENT oEEIcE.

WILLIAM S. MILLER, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO UTILITY SHOCK ABSORBER COMPANY, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORA- TION 0F PENNSYLVANIA.

SHOCK-ABSORBER.

'Application filed July 21, 1914. Serial No. 852,206.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, lViLLIAM S. MILLER, a citizen of the United States, residing 1n the cityy andI county-of Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania, haveinvented a new and useful Shock-Absorber, of which the following is a specification.

My inventionconsists of a novel shock absorber which is adapted to be employed in conjunction with any desired type of vehicle or other mechanism, and which is especially adapted to be employed in conjunction with automobiles.

It further consists of1a novel shock absorber which is mounted in such a `manner as to permit the oscillation thereof, and wherein the load on the elastic cushion of the shock absorber is exerted in substantially the axial line of said cushion.

It further consists of a novel shock absorber, wherein a plurality of springs are employed, which coperatie in a novel manner to absorb and equalize the shocks.

It further consists of other novel features of construction, all as will be hereinafte tion consists can be variously arranged andV organized and that my invention is not limited tothe precise arrangementand organi.- zation of these instrumentalities as herein shown and described.

Figure 1 represents an elevation of a portion of a vehicle, having a shock absorber embodying my invention, in assembled position with respect thereto. Fig. 2 represents a sectional elevation of my device. Fig. 3 rcpresentsa sectional elevation of another embodiment of my invention.

Similar numerals of reference indicate corresponding parts in the figures.

Referring to the drawings: Referring ,rst to Figs. 1 and 2, 1 designates a base or body portion, lthrough which pass the bolts 2, which latter also pass through the arms 3 of the shackle l, and are maintained in the proper position with respect thereto by means of the cotter pins 5 or equivalent fasteningr devices. The shackle 4 is provided with an aperture 6 therethrough, whereby it may be readily attached to the axle housing 7, see Fig. 1. The body portion`1 is p rovided with an upwardly extending sleeve 8, whereby an extended bearing is formed for an inner shell or movable member 9, which latter is adapted to slide in the sleeve 8 vand the aperture 10 in the body portion 1. The lower end of the inner shell 9 is connected in any desired manner to a yoke 11, and in the present instance', this is accomplished by means of a pin 12. The arms of the yoke 11 are adapted to receive a bolt 13, which latter passes through or is secured to the end of the spring 14, which latter is seated between the arms of the yoke 11, and said bolt is maintained in assembled position by means of a. nut 15. The upper end of the inner shell 9 is inwardly deflected as at 16, thereby forming an abutmentfor a Washer 17, which latter forms a spring abutment.

and is slidably mounted on the bolt 18, which latter is provided with 'a head 19, above which is located a washer 20. 21 designates a spring interposed between the washer 17 and the washer 20, said spring, in the present insta-nce, encircling the bolt 18.

Patented Feb.s,191c.

The free end of the bolt 18 passes through a washer or plate 22, which forms ai spring abutment, and is provided with a shoulder 23 on one side of said washer,and a nut 2l, which engages with the threaded end of V`the bolt 18, which extends through said washer 25 designates a spring interf posed between the body portion 1 andthe top washer 22. 26 designates an outer shell,

thelower end of which is connected 'in any desired manner to the body portion 1, which latter is of reduced diameter at its upper portion, as indicated at 27, in order that'the outer face of the* outer shell 2G will be sul stantially flush with the outer'face ofthe body portion 1. 28 designates a dome, which is-seeured to or forms a. part ofthe outer shell 26.

In the embodiment seen in Fig. 3, the fundamental principle is the same, but the device is shown in reversed position. In this embodimeiit, 2f) designates a base 0r body portion havingr upwardly extending arms 30, which are apertured, as at 31, in order to' reeeive'the fastening .devices for securing the body-portion in assembled position. 32 designates an inner shell having the ul'nvardly extending arms 33, which are slotted as at 34. in order to receive the fastening devices. 35 designates a bolt having a washer or abutment 3G thereon` between which and the bottom of the inner shell is interposed a spring 37. The bolt passes through the lower end of the inner shell 32, so that the latter is slidable thereon, and the lower end of `said bolt 35 is fixed with respect to a bottom washer 3S by means of a nut 39, which holds the washer against a shoulder 1l() on said bolt 35. 41 designates a spring interposed between the body portion 29 and the bottom washer 38.` 42 designates an outer shell, which is secured to 'the body portion 29 in any desired manner. 43 designates a dome which is secured to the lower portion'of the `outell shell 42 in any desired manner. The body portion 29 is apertured, as at 44, in order to permit the relative rmovement of the arm 33 and the body portion 29. The base portion 1 and the yoke 11 form hangers or supporting brackets. l

The operation of my novel shock absorber will now be readily apparent to those skilled in the art to which my invention appertains,

and is as follows: Referring first to the embodiment seen in Figs. 1 and 2, it is to be understood from the drawing that the outer spring 25 is of a greater strength than the inner spring 21, so that the springs travel in a different ratio to each other, and I have found in practice that by constructing the springs of such capacity that the ratio will be substantially two to one, that very advantageous results can be obtained. It will be seen that under load,` the spring 14 is extended and owing to the manner of supporting the base portion 1 of the shock absorber, the pull or stress on the spring will always be in substantially the axial alinement of the springs. the inner shell 9 will slide downwardly against the tension of the spring 21 and upon a predetermined increase in the load, the spring 25 will be brought into action, the strains being taken up through the bolt 18 and top washer 22 and their adjuncts, so that the absorption and Aequalization of shocks is taken up by both of the springs 21 and 25, respectively. It will thus be seen that the shock absorber during its operation is subjected to an oscillating movement and also that the pull on the springs or cushion- -ingvdevices is in substantially the axial line thereof.

It will now be apparent that I have devised a novel and useful shock absorber, which embodies the features of advantage enumerated as desirable in the statement of 'the invention and the above descril'ition, and while I have, in the present instance, shown and described a preferred embodiment there- It will be seen that of which will give in practice satisfactory and reliable results, it is to be understood that the same is susceptible of modification in various particulars without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention or sacrificing any of its advantages.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. A shock absorber, comprising a base portion, a spring abutment, a spring interposed between said spring abutment-and said base portion, a bolt carried by said spring abutment, a washer slidably mounted on said bolt, a sleeve engaging said# washer, a second spring interposed between Said washer and the head of said bolt, and relatively movable members, one of which is connected with said base portion, and the other of which is connected with said sleeve.

2. A shock absorber, comprising a base portion pivotally supported, an abutment, a cushion intermediate said abutment and said base portion, a member movable with respect to said base portion, a connection extending from said abutment, a cushion interposed between the outer end of said connection and the end portion of said mov#- able member, said second cushion being containedwithin said first cushion, and a device to be cushioned o eratively connected with said movable mem r.`

3. A shock absorber, comprising a base portion, an inner shell slidable with respect thereto and guided thereby, a washer slidable within said shell, a bolt guiding said washer and having a head. within said shell, an abutment fixed to said bolt land spaced from said head, a spring between said base portion and said abutment, a spring between said washer and thehead of said bolt,l and means of attachment connected to said shell.

4.v A shock absorber, comprising the hangers. Atwo .concentric compression .springs of different capacities, a spring abutment bctween which and said first hangerone of said springs is interposed, a bolt having a head at one cndand its opposite end fixed to said spring abutment, a member movable longitudinally with respect to said bolt and between which and the head of said bolt the other of said springs is interposed, and means to connect .said member with the other of said hangers.

A shock absorber, comprising the hangers.l two concentric compression springs of different capacities. a spring abutment bctween` which and said first hanger one of said springs is interposed. a bolt having a head at one end and its opposite end fixed to Said spring abutment. a member movable an inner shell connecting said member with the second hanger, and an outer shell can ried by said first hanger.

6. A shock absorber, comprising the hang ers, two compression springs of dilerent ea pacities ooncentricnlly arranged, a spring abutment between which and the irst hanger the spring of greater capacity is interposed, a bolt having one end secured to said abutment und n head at its other end, and a washer guided by said bolt, said spring of lesser capacity being interposed between said washer and said head.

7. A shock absorber, comprising the hangers, two compression springs of different capacities eonoentricelly arranged, an abutment between which und the first hanger the spring of greater capacity is interposed, a bolt having one end connected with said ibntrnent and a head at its other end, a washer slidable on said bolt and between which und said head thek spring of lesser eapaeity is interposed, and a shell oper- :itis/*ely connecting said washer `sind the second hanger and inolosing said spring of lesser capacity.

lWILLAM S. MILLER. Witnesses:

H. S. FArnBANxs, C. D. MCVAY. 

